Devices and everyday software
What computer updates do and when to install them
Understand security updates, feature updates and driver updates so update prompts feel less mysterious.
What you will learn
You'll understand the main kinds of updates and how to approach routine update prompts more safely.
Before you continue
Be cautious with update links from unexpected emails, pop-ups or unfamiliar websites. Use the built-in update settings or the manufacturer’s official support site.
Stop and ask for help if an update looks suspicious, repeatedly fails, asks for unusual payment or password details, or affects a computer needed for urgent work.
The short version
Computer updates usually fix security issues, repair bugs, improve reliability or add features. They can feel annoying, but they are one of the normal ways a computer stays safer and supported.
Most people should install routine security and system updates, especially from the computer’s built-in update tool.
Security updates
Security updates fix weaknesses that could be used to attack a computer or account. These are usually the updates to take most seriously.
If your computer offers automatic updates, it is often worth keeping them on unless there is a specific reason not to.
Bug fixes and reliability updates
Some updates fix things that are not security problems. They may improve stability, repair a feature or help software work better with other devices.
These updates can still matter, especially when a computer is crashing, freezing or behaving strangely.
Feature updates
Feature updates can change the way something looks or works. They may add tools, remove older options or change settings.
It is reasonable to wait a short time before installing a large feature update if your computer is working well and the update is not urgent. Do not ignore it forever, though. Older versions eventually stop receiving support.
Driver and device updates
Drivers help parts of the computer talk to the operating system. Printers, graphics hardware, Wi-Fi adapters and other devices may need them.
Use the computer’s normal update tools or the manufacturer’s official support site. Be careful with random driver-download websites.
Before you install a big update
Save your work, plug in a laptop if possible and allow enough time. Large updates can restart the computer and may take longer than expected.
If the computer is used for business, check that important software and files are backed up before major updates.
When to ask for help
Ask for help if the update message looks suspicious, the computer is very low on storage, the update keeps failing, or you rely on specialist software that must keep working.
What to expect
You can tell the difference between routine updates, large feature changes and update prompts that deserve extra care.
Sources and further reading
- Windows Update: FAQ · Microsoft Support
Supports guidance about Windows updates, automatic updates and update settings.
- Update macOS on Mac · Apple Support
Supports guidance about using Software Update on Mac.
- Update your iPhone or iPad · Apple Support
Supports general guidance about installing software updates through built-in device settings.